Studying in the U.S.: How Bachelor’s and Master’s Programs Work
Studying in the United States differs in several key ways from what many students are used to in Germany. In particular, the structure, organization, and flexibility offer exciting opportunities for international students. Below is an overview of how bachelor’s and master’s programs typically work in the U.S.
The Bachelor’s Degree in the U.S.
A bachelor’s program in the U.S. usually lasts four years and is the most common form of undergraduate study.
Structure
The first one to two years mainly consist of so-called General Education courses. These are foundational subjects such as mathematics, natural sciences, or social sciences. International students often also take an English course to further develop their language skills for academic and everyday life.
From the second or third year onward, students begin to specialize by choosing their major, which is their primary field of study. In addition, students may select a minor, a secondary subject consisting of additional specialized courses that provide further skills and knowledge.
Credit system
U.S. degree programs are credit-based. Each course is worth between 1 and 5 credits, depending on the amount of class hours per week. To earn a bachelor’s degree, students typically need around 120 credits.
Degree
After successfully completing their studies, graduates receive an internationally recognized degree, most commonly a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) or Bachelor of Arts (B.A.).
The Master’s Degree in the U.S.
A master’s program is the next step after the bachelor’s degree and usually lasts one to two years in the U.S.
Structure
While bachelor’s programs are relatively broad, master’s programs place a much stronger emphasis on specialization. They are more research- and practice-oriented and typically consist of a combination of courses, seminars, and a final project or master’s thesis.
Credit system
Depending on the program, students are required to complete 30 to 60 credits to earn a master’s degree.
Degree
Master’s degrees in the U.S. are internationally recognized and range from the Master of Arts (M.A.) and Master of Science (M.S.) to more professionally focused programs such as the MBA (Master of Business Administration) or the M.Ed. (Master of Education).
The American university system offers a clear structure while also providing a high degree of flexibility. In particular, the combination of General Education, major, and minor at the bachelor’s level, as well as the practical specialization at the master’s level, make studying in the U.S. a valuable and internationally recognized qualification – both academically and for future career prospects.
